The Diabetes Manager

Adult onset diabetes, also known as Type 2 diabetes, is normally diagnosed in adults over the age of 45. However, it can begin at any age, and the increase of Type 2 diabetes in children has alarmed many health care officials. Unlike juvenile onset diabetes, Type 2 diabetes seldom requires insulin injections. Instead, it is normally managed through a program of diet, exercise, and, if needed, oral medications.

Diabetes currently has no cure. When the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin to maintain blood sugar levels, or when the body cannot utilize it properly, diabetes can occur. Insulin is needed for the body to take glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream and store it in cells. If the glucose remains in the bloodstream, it can cause damage to major organs. In addition, the body is unable to utilize the glucose as a source of energy.

While diabetes may be totally asymptomatic, some people experience symptoms but do not connect them to a potential diabetic condition. Some symptoms that may signal diabetes are unintentional weight loss, despite increased hunger, and excessive thirst. The need to urinate often, to the point that sleep is disturbed, may be present. With higher blood sugar levels, vision may be affected, and there may be a tingling or numbness in the feet or hands.

Uncontrolled diabetes can result in neuropathy, particularly in the feet, as well as renal damage. It also increases the chance of osteoporosis, heart disease and stroke. Recent studies suggest it may also be a risk factor in Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia.

Certain traits are common among most patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Obesity and inactivity are the predominant factors. Weight reduction and and increased exercise can often prevent the condition, and is beneficial for its control. Exercise also helps circulation and lowers glucose levels.

A proper diet is the most critical factor under the patient’s control Diabetics should try to eat at the same time. In addition, the same ratio between carbohydrates and proteins should be maintained, and the same amounts of food should be consumed at each meal.

A proper diabetic diet does not need to be costly. Some of the best foods for those with diabetes are also some of the least expensive. These include beans, oatmeal, and barley. Tomatoes and citrus fruits are recommended, as are leafy green vegetables, such as spinach. Dairy products such as milk and yogurt are good choices, but only if the fat free versions are chosen. Sugars should be eaten sparingly, and with prior planning by the reduction of other carbohydrates in the same meal.

A diabetic needs to have a good relationship with his or her doctor, and willing to listen to his advice. Making dietary adjustments and increasing exercise will usually be needed for effective blood sugar control. But if this is done, the risk of complications can usually be dramatically reduced.

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